Ukubaluleka koVavanyo lwebhetri kuKhuseleko kunye nokuSebenza kweeMveliso kunye neZithuthi

Iibhetri zingumthombo wamandla oyintloko weemveliso, ezinokuqhuba izixhobo zokusebenza.Uvavanyo olucacileyo lweebhetri usebenzisa izixhobo zokuvavanya kunokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweebhetri kunye nokuthintela iimeko ezifana nokuzitshisa kunye nokuqhuma ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu.Iimoto zezona ndlela ziphambili zothutho kwaye zisetyenziswa rhoqo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya iibhetri ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi.Indlela yokuvavanya ilinganisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zengozi ukumisela ukuba umgangatho webhetri ufanelekile kwaye ujonge ukuba ibhetri iya kudubula na.Ngokusebenzisa ezi mvavanyo, imingcipheko inokuphetshwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uzinzo lunokugcinwa.

1. Ubomi bomjikelo

Inani lemijikelo yebhetri ye-lithium libonisa ukuba mangaphi amaxesha ibhetri inokuhlawuliswa kwaye ikhutshwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo.Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho ibhetri ye-lithium isetyenziselwa khona, ubomi bomjikelezo bunokuvavanywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo kwiqondo eliphantsi, eliphantsi, kunye nokushisa okuphezulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindlela zokulahla ibhetri zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni kwayo.Kwiibhetri zamandla (ezifana nezithuthi zombane kunye ne-forklifts), izinga lokugcinwa kwamandla okukhutshwa kwe-80% lidla ngokusetyenziswa njengomgangatho wokulahlwa, ngelixa ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye neebhetri zokugcina amandla, izinga lokugcinwa kwamandla okukhutshwa linokukhululeka kwi-60%.Kwiibhetri esihlala sidibana nazo, ukuba umthamo okhutshiweyo/umthamo wokuqala okhutshiweyo ungaphantsi kwe-60%, akufanelekanga ukuyisebenzisa njengoko ingahlali ixesha elide.

2. Ixabiso lokukwazi

Kule mihla, iibhetri ze-lithium azisetyenziswanga kuphela kwiimveliso ze-3C kodwa zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zebhetri zamandla.Izithuthi zombane zifuna ukutshintsha kwemisinga phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo, kwaye imfuno yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kweebhetri ze-lithium iyanda ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezitishi zokutshaja.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya amandla omlinganiselo weebhetri ze-lithium.Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ngokwemigangatho yesizwe yeebhetri zamandla.Kule mihla, abavelisi beebhetri ngaphakathi nangaphandle bavelisa iibhetri ezikhethekileyo zomgangatho ophezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike.Uyilo lweebhetri eziphakamileyo zingasondezwa kwiimbono zeentlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo, ubuninzi be-electrode, ubuninzi bokudibanisa, ukukhethwa kwethebhu, inkqubo ye-welding, kunye nenkqubo yokuhlanganisa.Abo banomdla banokufumanisa ngakumbi ngayo.

3. Uvavanyo loKhuseleko

Ukhuseleko yinkxalabo enkulu kubasebenzisi bebhetri.Iziganeko ezinjengokuqhuma kwebhetri yefowuni okanye imililo kwizithuthi zombane zinokoyikeka.Ukhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium kufuneka luhlolwe.Uvavanyo lokhuseleko lubandakanya ukutshaja kakhulu, ukukhupha ngaphezulu, ukujikeleza okufutshane, ukuwisa, ukufudumeza, ukungcangcazela, ukucinezela, ukugqobhoza, nokunye.Nangona kunjalo, ngokwembono yoshishino lwebhetri ye-lithium, olu vavanyo lokhuseleko luvavanyo lokhuseleko lwe-passive, oku kuthetha ukuba iibhetri zibonakaliswe kwizinto zangaphandle ngenjongo yokuvavanya ukhuseleko lwazo.Uyilo lwebhetri kunye nemodyuli kufuneka luhlengahlengiswe ngokufanelekileyo kuvavanyo lokhuseleko, kodwa ekusetyenzisweni okwenyani, njengaxa isithuthi sombane sitshayisa kwesinye isithuthi okanye into, ukungqubana okungaqhelekanga kunokuzisa iimeko ezinzima ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lovavanyo lubiza kakhulu, ngoko umxholo wovavanyo othembekileyo kufuneka ukhethwe.

4. Ukukhutshwa kwiqondo eliphantsi kunye neliphezulu

Ubushushu buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwebhetri, kubonakaliswa kumthamo wokukhupha kunye nombane wokukhupha.Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liyancipha, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri kwanda, ukusabela kwe-electrochemical kunciphisa, ukuchasana kwe-polarization kwanda ngokukhawuleza, kunye nomthamo wokukhupha ibhetri kunye neqonga lombane liyancipha, elichaphazela amandla kunye nokuphuma kwamandla.

Kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion, umthamo wokukhupha uyancipha ngokukhawuleza phantsi kweemeko eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa, kodwa umthamo wokukhupha phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa akukho ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi;ngamanye amaxesha, isenokuba phezulu kancinane kunomthamo kwiqondo lobushushu ambient.Oku kubangelwa kakhulu ukufuduka ngokukhawuleza kwe-ion ze-lithium kumaqondo aphezulu kunye nenyaniso yokuba i-electrode ye-lithium, ngokungafaniyo ne-nickel kunye ne-hydrogen yokugcina i-electrode, ayiboli okanye ivelise igesi ye-hydrogen ukunciphisa umthamo kumaqondo aphezulu.Xa ukhupha iimodyuli zebhetri kumaqondo aphantsi, ukushisa kuveliswa ngenxa yokuchasana kunye nezinye izinto, ezibangela ukuba ukushisa kwebhetri kuphakame, okubangelwa ukunyuka kwe-voltage.Njengoko ukukhutshwa kuqhubeka, i-voltage iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe.

Okwangoku, ezona ntlobo zebhetri ziphambili kwimarike ziibhetri ze-ternary kunye neebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.Iibhetri ze-ternary azihlali kakuhle ngenxa yokuwa kwesakhiwo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye zinokhuseleko oluphantsi kuneebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi babo bamandla buphezulu kuneebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, ngoko zombini iinkqubo ziyaphuhliswa ngokubambisana.